Controlled 12-pulse thyristor rectifiers (VCRs, voltage controlled rectifiers) produced by PLUTON are the modern solution provided for modernization of metro traction substations, light rail transport, as well as for city electric transport and railways. Implementation of voltage controlled rectifiers for electric drives and power supply of DC rail systems is of the utmost interest, because they are able to provide constant voltage on the substation's busbars upon any traction loads, including maximal loads.
Implementation of VCR for providing power supply of electric transport traction networks has a number of advantages in comparison with the standard diode systems, and namely:
Efficiency of 12-pulse thyristor rectifiers for power supply of traction networks with overvoltage makes possible to develop new flexible solutions, that can be adjusted to the requirements of any Customers, as well as helps to solve tasks in the field of city transport control and to provide safety for its objects (transport safety).
Structurally voltage controlled rectifiers consist of two cabinets with power thyristors, fuses, protection, control and monitoring components. Dry three-winding converting transformer with primary voltage of 22 kV provides power supply of VCR.
Rectifiers include pill power diodes manufactured by "Dynex" of the 52 class. Power high-speed fuses manufactured by "Mersen" are installed sequentially with each thyristor and provide protection against internal short circuits. Cooling type is AN (air, natural).
Protection of power semiconductor devices against internal and external switching overloads is implemented in voltage controlled rectifiers. RC circuits provide protection against internal switching overloads. External protection is provided by RC circuits in combination with voltage-dependent resistors, located on the overvoltage protection panel.
Control of thyristor rectifier is carried out due to microprocessor based system МС-40 produced by PLUTON on the basis of modern signal processor. The system is based on the modern signal processor and includes analog and discrete inputs and outputs, COM port, operation hours and operation indication. МС-40 system includes non-volatile memory, which allows storing emergency log and emergency "trace" that is convenient while analysis of technological out-of-specification situations reasons. Remote control is carried out from the substation control system (upper level), the connection is provided via Modbus TCP/IP protocol.
MC-40 system allows implementing any requirements to control, monitoring and protection of rectifiers, as well as requirements to technical algorithms of traction network power supply.
HMI is based on the operator's panel, represented by 7-inch TFT sensor display, that provides information exchange with the control system. Operator's panel provides:
In the modern railway rolling stock systems breaking power that is fed back from breaking trains into DC traction network, is mainly absorbed by other moving trains. However, it often happens that there is no electric train nearby, or breaking current exceeds current consumed by the nearby trains. Conventional diode rectifying system is not able to transmit excessive power from DC traction network.
Inverting converters (VCR that operate in inverter mode) are installed at the substation in order to provide failure-free regenerative breaking and maximum use of breaking power.
Power supply systems with VCRs suppose relatively high output voltage from substations and reduced losses in DC traction network. This solution applied in the conventional transport systems, allows significantly increase the distance between substations, that depends on voltage-current characteristics slope, DC network loop resistance, as well as on train traffic density.
Application of energy-efficient power supply based on VCR can significantly reduce the number of substations required for a conventional system with diode rectifiers. That allows reducing costs on materials, as well as on building of substations.
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